/* ********************************************
		Program: lab12tp.cpp
		
		Tonya M. Payne
		COSC 1435 :: Section 3
		
		Version: 1.0
		Date:		Original 14 April 2010
		Purpose:	This lab is designed to provide experience working with 
		converting decimal numbers to binary and binary numbers to decimal 
		numbers, using functions, loops, and arrays. 
		
		Input: Keyboard
		Output: To screen


*///////////////////////////////////////////////


#include<iostream>	//needed for compiler
#include<fstream>		//needed for reading in files
#include<iomanip>		//for formatting

using namespace std; 

//declare global variables
const int SIZE = 8;

//declare function prototypes
void convDecToBin(int,bool[]);
int convBinToDec(bool bArray[], int);
void printArray(bool bTemp[], int, int);
int iPow(int iBase, int iPower);



int main()
{
	int 	iDecValue = 0,	//decimal variable
			iBinValue = 0,	//binary variable
			iBase,	//base variable for power function
			iPower;	//power variable for power function
	char	cAnswer;	//variable for 'y' or 'Y' string test

			
	do
	{
		//these need to be reset each time the loop runs,
		//so they are placed inside the loop
		bool	bArray[SIZE] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},	//the original array
				bTemp[SIZE] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};	//the temp array
		
				
				//takes in a decimal number form the user
		cout << "Please input an integer value from 0 - 255: ";
		cin >> iDecValue;
			while( iDecValue < 0 || iDecValue > 255 )
				{
					cout << "That is not a valid number. Please input a single";
					cout << " number from 0 - 255: ";
					cin >> iDecValue;
				}
	
	//calls the convert decimal to binary function			
	convDecToBin(iDecValue, bArray);
	
	//make a temporary array for the numbers to be in the right order
	for(int i = 0, j = ( SIZE - 1); i < SIZE; i++, j--)
	{
		bTemp[j] = bArray[i];
	}
	
	// calls the print function
	printArray(bTemp, SIZE, iDecValue);
	convBinToDec(bArray, SIZE);
	
				
		//break out of program
		cout << "Would you like to enter another value? Y or N: " << endl;	
		cin >> cAnswer;	
		
						
	}while( cAnswer == 'y' || cAnswer == 'Y' );

	return 0; //end of program
}

//*****************************************************************************
//	function for converting decimal to binary
//	
//	variables in the function: 	iRemainder is the remainder given by mod
//								i is a counter
//								bArray[] is a boolean array
//								iDecValue is the number entered by the user
//
//*****************************************************************************

void convDecToBin(int iDecValue, bool bArray[])
{
	int iRemainder,
		i = 0;
		
	while ( iDecValue > 0 )
		{
			iRemainder = iDecValue % 2;
			bArray[i] = iRemainder;
			iDecValue /= 2;
			i++;
		}

}

//*****************************************************************************
//	function for converting binary to decimal
//	
//	variables in the function: 	iBinaryValue : stores the solution as the 
//										function calculates the sum
//								iTempValue : a temp variable
//								iCount : a counter variable
//								m : array counter
//
//*****************************************************************************


int convBinToDec(bool bArray[], int SIZE)
{
	int iBinaryValue = 0,
		iTempValue = 0,
		iCount = 0;
	
	for (int m = SIZE - 1; m >= 0; m--)
	{
		iTempValue = bArray[m] * iPow(2,iCount);
		iBinaryValue += iTempValue;
		iCount++;
	}
	return iBinaryValue;
}


//*****************************************************************************
//	function for printing results
//	
//	variables in the function: 	bTemp[] : temporary array
//								SIZE : size of the array
//								iDecValue : user entered number
//								k : counter
//
//*****************************************************************************

void printArray(bool bTemp[], int SIZE, int iDecValue)
{

	cout << "The number you entered, " << iDecValue;
	cout << " in binary is: " << endl;
	for ( int k = 0; k < SIZE; k++ )
	{
		cout << setw(4) << ": " << bTemp[k] << endl;
	}
	cout << "...and that number converted back into decimal is: " ;
	cout << convBinToDec(bTemp, SIZE) << endl;
}

//*****************************************************************************
//	Integer power function
//	
//	variables in the function: 	SIZE : of the array
//								tempVar : temporary variable
//								holdPow : holds the product of the value
//								tempVar : holds the value of the power
//
//*****************************************************************************

int iPow(int iBase, int iPower)
{
	int iTemp = 1;
	for (int i=0; i < iPower; i++)
		{
			iTemp = iTemp * iBase;
		}
	return iTemp;
}


//notes from the lab
//for(int i = 0, j = SIZE; i < SIZE; i++, j--)
//bArray[i] = bTemp[j]
//bool bArray[SIZE]
//write an integer power function
// 0 * 2^0
// 1 * 2^1
// 0 * 2^2
// 0 * 2^3
// 1 * 2^4